E aʻo e pili ana i ka hopena o nā pihi i ka Digital Photography
Hoʻohanaʻia nā pahu i loko o nā kamepiula e hāʻawi i nā'āpana liʻiliʻi o kaʻike i loko o kahi'ōlelo e hiki ai i ka mea hoʻohana ke heluhelu. E like me nā'āpana ka papahana maʻamau i hoʻohanaʻia ma kāu kamepiula, hoʻohanaʻia lākou i ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi e kiʻi i ke kiʻi.
He aha ka mea?
ʻO ka "bit" kahi manawa i hoʻohana muaʻia i nā hua'ōlelo lolouila, kahi e pili ana i "'ōnaehana binary", a e pili ana i kahi liʻiliʻi loa o kaʻike. He waiwai kona o ka 0 a me ka 1.
Ma ka kiʻi kamepiula, ua hāʻawiʻiaʻo 0 i kaʻeleʻele a me ka 1 i keʻokeʻo.
Ma ka'ōlelo pilikino (base-2), "10" ua like me 2 i ka base-10, aʻo "101" ua like a 5 me ka base-10. (No kaʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka hoʻololiʻana i nā helu-base-2 i ka base-10, e kipa i ka pūnaewele pūnaeweleverconver.org.)
Pehea ka papa o ka papa helu
ʻO nā mea hoʻohana o nā polokalamu hoʻoponopono lālā, e like me Adobe Photoshop, eʻike i nā kiʻi likeʻole o nā mea nui. ʻO kekahi o nā mea maʻamau ka hohoʻa 8-bit, nona 256 mau leo e hiki mai ana, mai ke "00000000" (helu helu 0 aʻeleʻele paha) i "11111111" (helu helu 255 a keʻokeʻo paha).
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo he 8 mau helu i kēlā me kēia o nā pūnaewele. ʻO kēia no ka hikiʻana i 8 mau'āpana like hoʻokahi byte a hoʻokahi o kātera hiki ke pani i nā māhele likeʻole 256 (aiʻole nā lanu). No laila, ma ka hoʻololiʻana i ka huiʻana o nā mea a 1 a me ka 0 i loko o ke kaʻina bit, hiki i ka computer ke hana i kekahi o 256 mauʻokoʻa o ke kala (2 '8th -' 2 'e hele mai ana mai nā helu helu helu o 1 a me 0 mau).
Ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ka 8-bit, 24-bit, a me 12-16-bit
Hoʻopi pinepineʻia nā kiʻi JPEG e like me nā kiʻi he 24-bit. Loaʻa kēia ma muli o kēia hoʻonohonoho waihona i hiki ke mālama i nā 8 bits o kaʻikepili i loko o kēlā me kēia o nā kahawaiʻekolu (RGB a iʻole kaʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, a me ka blue).
Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia nā hopena kiʻekiʻeʻoi aku e like me 12- a 16-bit ma nā DSLR e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā kala. Hiki i kahi kiʻi 16-bit ke loaʻa 65,653 mauʻanuʻu o ka'ikeʻolu kala (2 '16 mau mana) aʻo kahi kiʻi 12-bit ke loaʻa i 4,096 mauʻanuʻu (2' 12 mau mana)
Hoʻohana nā DSLR i ka hapa nui o nā kani ma luna o nā pani mālohilohi, kahi e waiho ai i nā kani no nā wahi maloʻo loa (ma kahi o ka maka o ka maka kanaka). ʻO kahi kiʻi 16-bit paha, e like paha, he 16 kani wale nō e wehewehe i kahi maloʻo loa loa ma ka kiʻi. ʻO ka hopena mālamalama, i ka hoʻohālikelike, e loaʻa 32,768 leo!
ʻO kahi manaʻo e pili ana i ka paʻiʻana i nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻiʻeleʻele
Hiki i ka mīkini palapala'eneka penihana ke hana i ka 8-bit scale. I ka paʻiʻana i nā kiʻiʻeleʻele a me nā kiʻi keʻokeʻo i kāu inkjet, pono e hoʻonoho i kēia mea e paʻi wale i nā'ōkuhiʻeleʻele.
He ala maikaʻi kēia e mālama ai i ka'īnika i ka wā e paʻiʻia ai ka kikokikona, akā,ʻaʻole e huaʻia kahi kiʻi maikaʻi. Eia ke kumu ...
ʻO ka pulilāʻoihana he hoʻokahi,ʻo ia paha 2, nā kāmaʻa'ōnikaʻeleʻele a me 3 kākākūkā kala (i CMYK). Hāʻawi ka computer i nāʻikepili o kahi kiʻi e paiʻia ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i kēlā mau mea he 256 o ke kele.
Inā mākou e hilinaʻi wale i nā kāmaʻaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele e mālama i kēlāʻano, e nalowale nā kiko'ī o ke kiʻi aʻaʻole pono e paiʻia nā hua'ōlelo. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻohua i 256 mauʻokoʻa ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i hoʻokahi pahu pahu.
ʻOiai keʻanoʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele ke kiʻiʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo, e hilinaʻi wale ana ia i nā kahawaiʻele 8-bit i hoʻokipa maikaʻiʻia e hana i nāʻanoʻokoʻa o kaʻeleʻele,ʻeleʻele, a keʻokeʻo.
He mea nui kēia hilinaʻi i nā kaha kala no kekahi mea kiʻi kiʻi e maopopo inā makemake lākou i kiʻi kiʻi pūnaewele me ka nānā o kahi kiʻiʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo i huaʻia e ka kiʻi a me ka pepa.