ʻO kahi laka pūnaewele, e like paha me kāu i koho ai, hoʻolako i ka wā o nā hanana no ka pūnaha hana Linux , nā noi a me nā lawelawe.
Hoʻopiliʻia nā faila ma ka kikokikona i maʻalahi e heluhelu. Hōʻike kēia alakaʻi i kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka wahi e loaʻa ai nā loiloi log, hōʻike i kekahi o nā papa kiko'ī a wehewehe i ka pehea e heluhelu ai iā lākou.
Kahi e hiki iāʻoe keʻike i ka pūnaewele pūnaewele Linux
Hoʻomo'āina mauʻia nā waihona loiloi Linux ma ka waihona / var / logs.
Aia i loko o ka pahu waihona kahi nui o nā faila a hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa kaʻike no kēlā me kēia noi.
Eia kekahi laʻana i ka holoʻana o ke kauoha ls i kekahiʻano / pa / waihona pahu waihona ma kahi e waiho nei kekahi mau loke.
- kern.log
- auth.log
- ka bootstrap.log
- hanana.log
- samba
- nā kīʻaha
- kukui
ʻO nā mea hope loa i loko o kēlā papa helu he mau folikū lākou akā he mau lola loli i loko o nā waihona.
ʻOiaiʻo nā loli log i loko o ka hōʻona kikokikona hiki ke heluhelu iā lākou ma ke kākauʻana i kēia kauoha:
nano
ʻO ka papa o luna e wehe i ka pūnaewele ma kahi hoʻoponopono i kapaʻiaʻo nano . Inā he liʻiliʻi ka log i ka nui a laila ua maikaʻi ka weheʻana i ka log log i loko a me ka hoʻoponopono akā inā nui ka log log a laila wale nō pahaʻoe makemake e heluhelu i ka hopena hiku o ka log.
ʻO ka kauoha o ka huelo e hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i nā laina hope loa i loko o kahi faila penei:
wela
Hiki iāʻoe ke koho i ka nui o nā laina e hōʻike ai me ka -nomi penei:
wela -n
ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā makemakeʻoe eʻike i ka hoʻomaka o ka faila hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohana i ke kauoha poʻo .
Kākau Pūnaewele Kiko
ʻO nā loilo o ka papa inoa ma lalo nei nā mea nui e nānā i loko o Linux.
- ʻO ka mea hoʻohana inoa
- ʻO Daemon Log
- Debug Log
- Kernel Log
- Pūnaewele Pūnaewele
ʻO ke kaʻina hana (auth.log) ke hoʻohana nei i nā mana hoʻonāʻia e mālama ai i ka mea hoʻohana.
ʻO ka daemon log (daemon.log) mau lawelawe kuhi e holo ana ma ke kuapapa e hana i nā hana nui.
ʻAʻohe manaʻoʻo Daemons i ka loaʻaʻole o nā kiʻi kiko'ī.
Hoʻolako ka lohi debug i nā huahana debug no nā noi.
Hōʻike kaʻaila i nā kiko'ī e pili ana i ka aʻa Linux.
Aia ka papa inoa pūnaewele i nāʻike e pili ana i kāu polokalamu a ināʻaʻole kāu waihona noi pono'ī i loko o kēia waihona log.
Ke ho'āʻo nei i nā papa inoa o kahi pūnaewele inoa
Hōʻike ka kiʻi ma luna i nā mea o nā 50 files i loko o kaʻu pūnaewele log (syslog).
ʻO kēlā me kēia laina i loko o ka log e loaʻa kēiaʻikepili:
- ʻO ka lā
- Kahi inoa inoa
- Ka Hana / Keʻena
- Ka leka
Eia kekahi laʻana, hoʻokahi laina ma kaʻu pūnaehana syslog penei:
Jan 20 12:28:56 pūnaewele gary-virtualbox [1]: hoʻomaka i ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho
Hōʻike kēia iāʻoe ua hoʻomakaʻia ka papa hana hoʻolaha i ka 12.28 ma ka lā 20 o Ianuali.
Nā Lāki Hoʻolahi
E loli pinepine nā waihona inoa pūnaewele iʻole lākou e nui.
ʻO ka pono o ka pono o ka loli ma ka waihona log log. Hiki iāʻoe ke haʻi i ka wā i hoʻololiʻia ai kahi log no ka mea e hahaiʻia e kekahi helu e like me auth.log.1, auth.log.2.
Hiki ke hoʻololi i ke alapine o ka rotation log ma o ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i ka file / etc / logrotate.conf
Hōʻike ka mea e hōʻike nei ma kahi o kaʻu logrotate.conf file:
ʻO nā kāʻei loiloi
wikiwiki
E mālama 'ia i ka 4 mau wānana o nā waihona log
ʻehā 4
e hana i nā loiloi hou ma hope o ka hoʻololiʻana
hana
E like me kāu eʻike ai, e loli kēia mau lola log i kēlā me kēia pule, a heʻehā pule wikiwiki o nā waihona loiloi i mālamaʻia ma kekahi wahi i ka manawa.
Ke hoʻololiʻia kahi waihona log i kahi mea hou i kona wahi.
Hiki i kēlā me kēia palapala noi ke loaʻa i kona kulekele hoʻololi pono'ī. He mea maʻalahi kēia ma muli o ka piʻiʻana o ka'ōnaehana syslog ma mua o ka'ōmole log.
Hoʻopiliʻia nā kulekele hoʻololi i /etc/logrotate.d. ʻO kēlā me kēia palapala noi e koi ana i kona kulekeleʻoihana he waihona hoʻonohonoho i kēia waihona.
Eia kekahi laʻana i kahi file apt in the folder logrotate.d. Penei:
/var/log/apt/history.log {
aia 12
mahina
pilikia
ua haʻalele
notifempty
}
ʻO ke kumu, hōʻike kēia log iāʻoe i kēia mau mea. Hoʻomaopopo ka log i nā hebedoma he 12 o ka loiloiʻana i nā waihona aʻoi aku i nā mahina a pau (1 o kēlā me kēia mahina). E hoʻopiliʻia ka pūnaewele. Ināʻaʻole i kākauʻia nā memo i kahi log (inā ua nele) a laila ua'āponoʻia kēia. ʻAʻole e loli ka log ināʻole.
E hoʻololi i ka kulekele o kahi faila e hoʻoponopono i ka faila me nā pono āu e makemake ai a laila e holo i kēia kauoha:
logrotate -f