Ua Hoʻolālāʻia nā Pūnaewele Malima e like me nā Pūnaewele
ʻO kekahi polokalamu hanaʻino ( malware ) kekahi mea noi i loaʻa kahi manaʻo kolohe. ʻOiaiʻo ka hapanui o nā polokalamu āu e hoʻouka ai, a iʻole nā memo e lawe aiʻoe, ua palekana loaʻoe i nā meaʻeleʻele, ua huna kekahi i nā'ākākā eʻimi ana e luku i nā faila, e'emohue i kaʻike mai kāu mau mea, aiʻole e hōʻino wale iāʻoe.
Ua hanaʻia kēia ma kahi lōʻihi. Ua kapaʻia ka maʻi kompona muaʻo Elk Cloner a ua loaʻa ma Mac ma ka makahiki 1982. Ianuali o ka makahiki 2011 iʻike i ka polokalamu ma mua o ka polokalamu PC 25 he mea i kapaʻiaʻo Brian. No kaʻikeʻana, ua puka mai ka PC makika mua (ʻo HP 9100A) i ka makahiki 1968.
Malware i ka makahiki 1900 & # 39; s
I ka makahiki 1986, ua loaʻa nā wulawila ma nā kula āpau aʻo ka hoʻopauʻana i kumu nuiʻia i nā pīpī pua. ʻO nā meaʻike iʻikeʻia me ka Brain (1986), Lehigh, Stoned, Ierusalema (1987),ʻo ke anuhe Morris (1988), ame Michelangelo (1991).
Ma ka waena o 90 mau makahiki, ua like ka pili o nāʻoihana, a he nui ka hapakū o nāʻoihana i nā pōpopo macro. ʻO ke kumu o kēia hoʻopiʻiʻana i ka pūnaewele.
ʻO nā meaʻikea i kēia mau lā,ʻo ia ka DMV,ʻo ka hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi macro macro, i ka makahiki 1994. Uaʻikeʻiaʻo Cap.A i ka makahiki 1997, i lilo ai i ka maʻi macro mua loa, a me CIH (aka Chernobyl) i ka makahiki 1998, ʻo ka hua mua loa e hōʻino i ka lako polokalamu.
Ma ka hopena o nā makahiki he 90, ua hoʻomaka ka huakino i ka hopena i nā mea hoʻohana hale, a me ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka leka uila. Uaʻikeʻia nā malware ma 1999 i loko o Melissa, ka worm īmēla mua a puni, aʻo Kak, ka mua a me kekahi o nā meaʻeleʻele hōʻailona pono pono'ī.
Kalikimaka 21st Centst
I ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka mīkini hou, ua hana nā'eneke pūnaewele a me nā leka uila i nā poʻo ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
- Mei 2000:' Oletterletter ka pūmua waiwai nui-hoʻonāukiuki
- Fepeluali 2001: ʻO ka worm īmēra Anna Kournikova
- Malaki 2001: Na ka Magistr, e like me ka CIH i mua o ia, ua pili i ka lakohana
- Iulai 2001: Ua hoʻopukaʻia nā hua'ōlelo worm e Sirmail mai ka papa inoa My Documents
- ʻAukake 2001: Ka Worm CodeRed
- Kepakemapa 2001: Nimda, kahi pūnaewele, leka uila, a me ka'īlio kikowaena.
I ka halaʻana o nā makahiki heʻumikumamālua, ua lilo wale ka mea i loaʻa i ka mea hoʻohana pono i mea hana waiwai. Ma nā makahiki 2002 a 2003, ua paʻiʻia nā pūnaewele pūnaewele e nā poʻe popups a me nā pōpō'ē aʻe o Javascript.
Hoʻokipa maikaʻiʻia ka hoaloha i nā'īlio i hanaʻia i ka lima oʻOkakopa 2002 a ua hoʻomakaʻo SoBig e hoʻopili i nā hua'ōlelo spam ma nā kamepiula o ka mea paʻi. Ua kāʻiliʻiaʻo Phishing a me nā hōʻailona kāleka'ē aʻe i kēlā manawa, me nā'īlio pūnaewele nui i kapaʻiaʻo Blaster a me Slammer.
- Ianuali 2004: Ua hoʻoiliʻia kekahi kaua ma waena o nā mea kākauʻo MyDoom, Bagle a me Netsky. ʻO ka mea hōʻoia, ua alakaʻiʻia kēia i ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka leka uila a me nā hōʻailona kūpono o ka hoʻolālāʻana i nā leka uila, a me ka hopena o nā hōʻailona wiliwili nui.
- Novema 2005: ʻO kaʻike a me ka hōʻikeʻana i nā'ōpuni o Sony i kēia manawa i alakaʻiʻia i ka hopena o nā rootkits i loko o ka hapa o nā lā hou.
- 2006: Pump & Dump a me nā mīkini muleʻoihana i ulu i ka ulu nui o 419 mau hōʻeuʻeu, phishing, a me ka scams scams i ka makahiki 2006.ʻOiaiʻaʻole i pili pono i nā pilikino,ʻo ia mau hoʻomōhala i hoʻomauʻia ka manaʻo o ka hana hewa i hāpaiʻia ma ka ka pūnaewele.
- 2007: Paʻi ka hopena o ka pūnaewele i ka makahiki 2007 no kaʻike nui a me ka hōʻikeʻana o MPack, kahi pahu hana hewa e hoʻohana nei i nā hana ma o ka pūnaewele. ʻO ka hoʻokumuʻana i kahi pūnaewele puni honuaʻo Miami Dolphins,ʻo Tom's Hardware, The Sun, MySpace, Bebo, Photobucket, a me ka pūnaeweleʻO India Times.
- Ma ka hopena o ka makahiki 2007, ua hoʻomaka ka hōʻeuʻeu i loko o ka SQL, i kahi o nā wahi i pākuʻiʻia e like me ka'eneke kūikawā kaulana a me nā pūnaewele IKEA.
- Ianuali 2008: Ma kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā mea pepehi pūnaewele i nāʻikeʻike FTP hilahila a me ka hoʻouluʻana i nā haʻina nāwaliwali no ka hoʻokomoʻana i nā papahana ma kaʻumi o nā mano o ka pūnaewele mom & pop style, kahi kiʻi lōʻihi o ka pūnaewele.
- I Iune 2008, hoʻonāukiʻia ka pūnaewele hōʻailonaʻo Asprox i nā koiʻokoʻa o ka hoʻohana ponoʻana o SQL, e koi ana iā Walmart e like me kekahi o ka mea i loaʻa. Uaʻikeʻia nā mea hōʻeha kūʻokoʻa i loko o kēia manawa i ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā mea hōʻeha e hoʻokaʻawale i nā papahana paʻakikī a me ka hoʻopukaʻana i nā faila hoʻonohonoho moʻomeheu i nā mea kiʻekiʻe loa.
- 2009: I ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka makahiki 2009, ua puka maiʻo Gumblar,ʻo ka pōkole dual mua. ʻAʻole i waiho wale akuʻo Gumblar i kahi backdoor ma nā PC i hoʻopilikiaʻia a hoʻohanaʻia ia eʻaihue i nāʻikeʻike FTP, hoʻohanaʻo ia i kēlā mauʻike hilinaʻi e hūnā i kahi backdoor ma nā pūnaewele i hoʻolālāʻia. Ua lawe kokeʻia kēia hoʻolālā e nā mea hōʻea'ē aʻe.
- ʻO ka hualoaʻa: pūnaewele pūnaewele o kēia lā iʻole e huli hou i kahi lima o nā pūʻulu mana weliweli. Ma kahi kēnā, hiki i kekahi o nāʻumi o nā kahua i hoʻolālāʻia ke hana likeʻole i ka hana o ka pūnaewele pūnaewele.
- 2010:ʻO nā polokalamu kamepiula hanaʻoihana ka mea i kaupaʻiʻia e ka'īlio Wailua o 2010. Ua hoʻohanaʻia kēia mea hanaʻino i nā mea loea o ka hoʻolālā papahana e hiki ai ke mālama i nā mīkini ma nā hui pūnaewele. ʻOiai he meaʻino ia e manaʻoʻia aiʻo ia ka kumu o ka lukuʻiaʻana o nā haneri centrifuges nui o Iran.
- 2011:ʻO kahi hōʻailona kākoʻo Microsoft i kāheaʻiaʻo ZeroAccess ka polokalamu kamepiula ma nā kamepiula ma o botnets. Ua hūnā nui ia mai ka OS me ka rootkits, a ua hoʻolahaʻia e nā mea hana minia mini.
ʻO Malware Volume a me nā Kiʻi Loaʻa
ʻO ka nui o nā pūnaewele he mea ia-huahana wale nō o ka hāʻawi a me ke kumu. Hiki keʻikeʻia kēia ma muli o ka heluʻana i ka helu o nā hiʻohiʻona iʻikeʻia e pili ana i ka wā i loaʻa ai.
Eia kekahi laʻana, ma ka hopena o nā makahiki he kanawalu iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā polokalamu hewa a me ka hoʻopuka pūnaewele pūnaewele i kahi pūnaewele. Me ka palena palena a me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nāʻike polokalamuʻano likeʻole i kākauʻia i ka makahiki 1990 e AV-TEST i heluʻia he 9,044 wale nō.
I ka manawa o ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka lolouila a me ka uluʻana i ka hapa mua o ke 90, ua maʻalahi ka hāʻawiʻana i nā mea iʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, no laila ua hoʻonuiʻia ka nui. Ma hope oʻehā mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 1994, ua hōʻikeʻiaʻo AV-TEST i 300% ka nui, waiho i nā hōʻailona polokalamu kūikawā ma 28,613 (ma o MD5 ).
I ka hoʻonuiʻana o nāʻenehana, ua hiki i kekahiʻano o nā polokalamu kino ke loaʻa ka'āina. ʻO nā pōpilikia Macro i hoʻohanaʻia i nā lawelawe Microsoft Officeʻaʻole i loaʻa wale ka māhele nuiʻana ma o ka leka uila, ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi hoʻonui kākoʻo ma o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka leka uila. I ka makahiki 1999, ua kākauʻiaʻo AV-TEST i 98,428 mau polokalamu polokalamu kūikawā likeʻole, he 344% ka pahu mai nā makahiki heʻelima aʻe.
I ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka hoʻomohalaʻana o kaʻene loea nui, ua lilo ka'īlio iʻoi aku ka pono. Hoʻonuiʻia ka māka e ka hoʻohana nuiʻana i ka pūnaewele a me ka hoʻokomoʻana i nāʻenehana 2.0 2.0 . I ka makahiki 2005, ua kākauʻia nā 333,425 mau polokalamu polokalamu kūikawā kūikawā e AV-TEST. ʻO 338% kēia ma mua o ka 1999.
ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i kaʻike ma nā pūnaewele hoʻohanaʻana i nā pūnaewele i alakaʻiʻia i kahi pahū o nā pūnaewele pūnaewele i laweʻia ma nāʻaoʻao hope loa o ka makahiki mua o ka Millennium. I ka makahiki 2006, uaʻikeʻia ka MPack makahiki, ua hoʻopaʻaʻiaʻo AV-TEST he mau polokalamu polokalamuʻano kūikawā 972,606, he 291% kaʻoi aku oʻoi aku ma mua oʻehiku mau makahiki i hala.
I ka hoʻomohalaʻana o SQL a me nāʻano'ē aʻe o ka pūnaewele puni honua i ka nui o ka hoʻokomoʻana i ka mana 2007, ua hoʻokumuʻia ka pūnaeweleʻoihana nui me 5,490,960 mau huahana kūikawā i hoʻopaʻaʻia e AV-TEST i kēlā makahiki. He 564% ka nui o ka piʻiʻana i hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō.
Mai ka 2007, ua hoʻomau ka nui o nā polokalamu kūikawā i ka uluʻana o ka exponential, hōlua aʻoiʻoi aku i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai ka wā mai. I kēia manawa, ua manaʻoʻia ka poʻe kūʻai i nā kikowaena hōʻano hou mai 30k a hiki i ka 50k o kēlā lā kēia lā. Hoʻohui i kekahiʻaoʻao'ē aʻe,ʻo ka nui o nā'ōnaehina o nā'ōmihana hōʻano hou ma mua o ka nui o nā pūnaewele a pau mai ka makahiki 2006 a me nā makahiki i hala.
Kekini wili / palekana
I ka wā o ka "sneakernet" i ka hopena o nā makahiki 80 a me nā makahiki 90, he hui likeʻole nā mea kūʻai kālā'ē aʻe ma mua o $ 1B USD. I ka makahiki 2000, ua hoʻonuiʻia nā kālā'iliala i kahi $ 1.5B.
- 2001 - $ 1.8
- 2002 - $ 2.06B
- 2003 - $ 2.7B
- 2004 - $ 3.5B
- 2005 - $ 7.4B
- 2006 - $ 8.6B
- 2007- $ 11.3B
- 2008 - $ 13.5B
- 2009 $ 14.8B
- 2010 - $ 16.5B
ʻOiai kekahi e kuhikuhi ana i ka hōʻiliʻili i nā huakaʻiʻokoʻa a me nā mea kūʻai palekana e like me ke "hōʻailona" e loaʻa ai i nā mea kūʻai kalala mai (a pēlā e hana ai) i nā polokalamuʻeleʻele,ʻo ka math pono'īʻaʻole ia e lawe i kēia manaʻo kipi.
I ka makahiki 2007, no ka laʻanaʻana, piʻi ka hōʻano hou i 131%, akā, piʻi ka nui o nā huapalapala kino 564% i kēlā makahiki. Eia hou, piʻi ka ulu o kaʻikeʻiliahi ma muli o nā kamupene hou a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i nāʻenehana, e like me nā mea hana palekana a me nā loina palekana.