Ke nānā nei ka hapanui o nā kānaka i ka hōʻanoʻana o kahi faila a laila koho i kaʻano o kahi faila mai kēlā kuhi. Eia kekahi laʻana ināʻikeʻoe i kahi faila me ka lōʻihi o gif, jpg, bmp a iʻoleʻoe e noʻonoʻo i kahi kiʻi kiʻi a i kaʻikeʻana i kahi faila me ka hoʻopaneʻeʻana i ka zip ka manaʻoʻoe ua hoʻokomoʻia ka waihona me ka pono o ka hoʻopiʻi puka .
Ma kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i kahi faila ke hoʻonui i hoʻokahi āpau akā he meaʻokoʻa loa ia a ināʻaʻole kahi pāʻoihana e hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻoholo i kaʻano kōnae?
Ma Linux, hiki iāʻoe keʻike i ka pūnaewele pololei e hoʻohana ana i ke kauoha kōnae.
Pehea e hana ai ka papa kauoha
E like me nā palapala, ke kauoha o ka pūnaeweleʻekolu mau koina o nā ho'āʻo e pili ana i kahi faila:
- nā pūnaewele pūnaewele
- nā ho'āʻo magic
- nā ho'āʻo'ōlelo
ʻO ka papa mua o nā ho'āʻo e hoʻihoʻi i kahi pane pololei e hoʻokomoʻia keʻano o ka faila.
Hōʻike nā lolo uhawai Kōnae i ka hoʻihoʻi mai kahi kelepona pūnaewele. Ke nānā nei ka polokalamu eʻike inā he hakahaka ka kōnae a inā he waihona pono. Ināʻikeʻia kaʻano kōnae i loko o ka pūnae kumu pane pūnaewele, e hoʻihoʻiʻiaʻo ia ma keʻano o ka pūnaewele pono.
ʻIke nā kānalua kilokilo i nā mea o loko o kahi faila a me nā kumetaʻi he nui i ka hoʻomaka e kōkua ana e hoʻoholo i keʻano kōnae. Nui nā'ōnaehana i hoʻohanaʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻohuiʻana i kahi pūnaewele me konaʻano kōnae a ua mālamaʻia kēia mau mea i / etc / magic, / usr / share / misc / magic.mgc, / usr / share / misc / magic. Hiki iāʻoe ke kāpili i kēia mau faila ma ke kauʻana i kahi faila i kāu waihona home e kapaʻiaʻo $ HOME / .magic.mgc a $ HOME / .magic.
ʻO nā ho'āʻo hope loa,ʻo ia nā ho'āʻo'ōlelo. Hoʻopaʻakaʻia ka waihona eʻike inā he kikokikona. Ma ka hōʻoiaʻana i nā kuʻi mua loa o kahi faila hiki iāʻoe ke unuhi i ka ASCII, UTF-8, UTF-16 aiʻole i kekahiʻano'ē aʻe e hoʻoholo ai i ka faila ma keʻano kikokikona. I ka laweʻiaʻana o ka hōʻailona maʻamau ua ho'āʻoʻia ka faila ma nāʻano likeʻole. Eia keʻano o ka papa kope polokalamu.
Ināʻaʻole kekahi o nā ho'āʻo e hana i kaʻikepili'ōnaewele wale nō.
Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka kauoha kauoha
Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia ke kauoha file e like me kēia:
papa inoa inoa
Eia kekahi laʻana e loaʻa iāʻoe kahi faila i kapa'ia1 file1 e holo anaʻoe i kēia kauoha:
file file
E like me kēia ka pukahana:
file1: kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi PNG, 640 x 341, 8-bit / kaha RGB, non-interlaced
ʻO ka huahana i hōʻikeʻia e hoʻoholo i ka file1 i lilo i kiʻi kiʻi a iʻole eʻoi aku keʻano pololei ma ka pūnaewele uele pūnaewele (PNG).
E hōʻike ana nāʻano likeʻole i nā hua likeʻole penei:
- ISO kele pūnaewele - DOS / MBR kahi kikowaena ISO 9660 CD-Rom filesystem data 'label' (bootable); pāhele 2: ID = 0xef, hoʻomaka-CHS (0x3ff, 254,63), hope-CHS (0x3ff, 4,63) papahana 1496, 4736 mau māhele
- ʻO keʻano o ka pī'ālua o ka'ODS - OpenDocument Spreadsheet
- PDF file type - PDF Document, version 1.4
- Nā hua'ōlelo CSV - ASCII kikokikona, me nā laina lōʻihi loa, me nā hua laina laina CRLF
Hoʻopilikino i ka huahana mai ka kauoha kauoha
ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻopukaʻana o ka pūnaewele i ka inoa kōnae, a laila nā'ōlelo a pau ma luna o ka pūnaewele. Inā makemakeʻoe i nā kiko'ī me ka inoaʻole o ka inoa e hana pinepine ana i ka hoʻololi i kēia.
file -b file1
E like me kēia ka pukahana:
ʻIke kiʻi kiʻi PNG, 640 x 341, 8-bit / kaha RGB, non-interlaced
Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻololi i ka mea kōkua ma waena o ka inoa a me keʻano.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau,ʻo ka delimiter kahi heluna (:) akā hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻololi i kekahi mea āu e makemake ai e like me ka hōʻailona paipu e like me kēia:
pūnaewele -F '|' file1
E hoʻomaka ana ka huahana e like me kēia:
file1 | ʻIke kiʻi kiʻi PNG, 640 x 341, 8-bit / kaha RGB, non-interlaced
Kuhiʻana i nā Kōnae Nui
ʻO ke kumuʻole, e hoʻohanaʻoe i ke kauoha pūnaewele e kū'ē i kahi pūnaewele hoʻokahi. Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi inoa inoa e waiho nei i ka papa inoa o nā faila e hoʻoponoponoʻia e ke kauoha pane:
E laʻa, e wehe i kahi faila i kapaʻia he testfiles e hoʻohana ana i ka hoʻoponopono nano a hoʻohui i kēia mau laina iā ia:
- / etc / passwd
- /etc/pam.conf
- / etc / opt
E mālama i ka file ae holo i kēia kauoha o kēiaʻaoʻao:
file -f testfiles
E like me kēia ka pukahana:
/ etc / passwd: ASCII kikokikona
/etc/pam.conf: ASCII kikokikona
/ etc / opt: directory
Kōnae Kōnae
ʻO ka lapaʻole i ka wā e holo aiʻoe i ke kauoha o kahi kōnae e pili ana i kahi pūnaewele hoʻokomoʻia eʻikeʻoe i kahi huahana like me kēia:
file.zip: ZIP archive data, ma lalo o V2.0 e wehe
ʻOiai e haʻi aku kēia iāʻoe he fainae waihona kahi kōnae,ʻaʻoleʻikeʻoe i nā mea o ka waihona. Hiki iāʻoe ke nānā i loko o ka pūnaewele puka eʻike i nāʻano kōnae o nā faila i loko o ka pūnae hoʻopaʻa.
ʻO ka kauoha e kau nei i ke kauoha o ka faila e kū'ē i nā kōnae i loko o kahi pūnaewele ZIP:
file -z filename
E hōʻike i ka'ōnaehana i nāʻano kōnae o nā waihona i loko o ka waihona.
Hōʻuluʻulu
Ma keʻano maʻamau,ʻo ka hapanui o nā kānaka e hoʻohana wale i ke kauoha file e loaʻa i keʻano o ka pūnaeweleʻano akā eʻike i nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i nā mea a pau e hiki i ke kauoha kauoha e hoʻokomo i kēia mau mea i ka puka makani:
man file