ʻO ka mātei kahi laina o nā hopena . Ma ka pūnaewele kikowaena, hoʻounaʻia kekahi mau loea pūnaewele a loaʻa i kaʻikepili ma keʻano o nā hua'ōlelo byte. Kapaʻia kēlā mau loina byte-oriented . ʻO nā lālā o nā kuʻina o nā byte-e like me TCP / IP a me telnet .
ʻO ke kauoha i kapaʻia ai nā octets ma ke kaʻina o ka pūnaewele waena byte e kapaʻiaʻo ka laikini byte . ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pūnaewele hoʻokahi o ka laweʻana no kēia mau kuʻina, ka MīkiniʻImi Umi (MTU) , ke anaʻia hoʻi i nā bytes. Hiki i nā polokalamu polokalamu pūnaewele ke hana pū me nā kālepa byte a me MTUs.
Hoʻohanaʻia nā octets ma ka pūnaewele wale nō, akā, no nā disks rorohiko, hoʻomanaʻo, a me nā pūnaewele hoʻonohonoho waena (CPU). Ma nā kuʻina o kaʻenehana hou, aia i kahi byte e loaʻa ai iʻewalu mau hapa. Hiki i kekahi mau mea (hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e ka lolouila) e hoʻohana i nā kaita no nāʻano likeʻole no nā kumu'ē aʻe.
Hikiʻole ke kaʻina o nā hapa i nā wahi'ē aʻe o ka kamepiula ma muli o ke kauoha byte. Mahele o ka hana o ka pūnaehana pūnaewele pūnaewele o kahi kamepiula,ʻo ia ka hoʻololiʻana i waena o ka hoʻonohonoho papa inoa a me ke kaʻina pūnaewele i ka manawa e pono ai.