Nā Components Model Model - Vertices, Edges, Polygons & More

ʻO Anatomia o kahi Hōʻailona 3D

ʻO nā Models 3D kekahi o nā papa hana nui o nā kiʻiiho kiʻi 3D. Me kaʻole o lākou,?ʻaʻole wikiwiki kamepiula - no Toy Story , no Wall-E ,ʻaʻohe'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo.

ʻAʻole kahi 3D pāʻani,ʻo ia hoʻi,ʻaʻole mākou eʻimi i Hyrule i'Ocarina o Time , aʻaʻole loa Luna Halo i luna o Halo. ʻAʻole loa e loaʻa nā kiʻi Transformers (ma kahi o kā mākouʻike iā lākou i kēia mau lā), aʻaʻole hiki i nāʻoihana kaʻa ke nānā aku i kekahi mea e like me kēia.

ʻO kēlā me kēia mea, ka pilina, a me ke kaona, i loko o kēlā me kēia kamepiula animated a iʻole kēmu wikiō 3D,ʻo ia hoʻi nā hiʻohiʻona 3D. No laila, he mea nui i ka honua o CG.

He aha ke kiʻi 3D?

ʻO ke Model Model 3D kahi hōʻike pilikino o kekahi meaʻekolu-mea (mea maoli a iʻoleʻia) i loko o kahi'ōnaehana polokalamu 3D. ʻAʻole like i ke kiʻi 2D, nā hiʻohiʻona 3D e hiki ke nānāʻia i nā suhi pūnaewele kūikawā mai kekahi kihi, a hiki ke hoʻonuiʻia, hoʻololiʻia, a hoʻololi paha i nā mea. ʻO ka hana o ka hanaʻana a me ka hoʻouluʻana i kahi model model 3D uaʻikeʻia he 3 mod.

Nāʻano o nā Models 3D

ʻElua mauʻano kumu hoʻohālike 3D e hoʻohanaʻia nei i loko o nāʻoihana pāʻani & pāʻani,ʻo nā mea likeʻole i keʻano o ka hana a me ka hoʻopilipiliʻia (aia kekahi mauʻokoʻa i ka math kumuhana, akā,ʻaʻole ia he mea nui a hiki i ka hopena -user).

1. NURBS Surface:ʻO kahi kūlana B-spline non-uniform, aiʻole ka NURBS o ka'ōnaehana'ōmaʻa maikaʻi i hanaʻia ma o ka hoʻohanaʻana i nāʻaoʻao Bezier (e like me kahi 3D o ka pahu penikala MS). No ka hoʻokumuʻana i kahi kahua NURBS, kiʻi kahi mea kaha kiʻiʻelua aʻoiʻoi aku paha i loko o ka māhele 3D, kahi hiki ke hoʻopiliʻia e nā mīkini heleʻana i kapaʻia he mau poʻomanaʻo (CVs) ma ka axis x, y, a z.
   1. Hoʻohana ka polokalamu polokalamu kamepiula i ka māhele ma waena o nā pale a hana i kahi kaula mīkini ma waena o lākou. NURBS kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka heluʻana o ka makemakika a no laila ke hoʻohanaʻia nei i keʻano hoʻohālikelike no ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻolālā kaʻahana. ???
2. Hoʻohālike Polygonal: Hoʻohālike Polygonal a me nā "meshes" e like me kā lākou i kapaʻia ai,ʻo ia keʻano maʻamau o ka 3D model i loaʻa i loko o ka animation, kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nāʻoihana pāʻani, aʻo ia kaʻano e nānā aku ai kākou no ka hoʻomaha o ka mea.

Nā Components of a Polygonal Model

• Nānā: ʻO keʻano o ka hōʻailona polygonalʻo ka (ma keʻano o NURBS Surfaces) nā kuʻi polygonal, keʻano o ka'ōnaehana 3D he mau helu he mau haneli a he mau mano o ke kinikene.

Ma keʻano hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi,ʻo nā polgons he mauʻaoʻaoʻehā (he keu -keʻano maʻamau i keʻano / hoʻolālā'ōpili) aiʻoleʻekolu mau mea (ʻoi aku ma kahi o ka hoʻolālā pāʻani). Hoʻopiʻi nā mea hana maʻamau no ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻolālāʻana, e ho'āʻo ana e mālama i nā helu kūkākūkā me ka hikiʻole ke hiki ke hanaʻia.

ʻO ka helu o polygons i loko o ka mīkini, ua kapaʻiaʻo ka poly-count ,ʻoiai ke kapaʻia he polygon density. Hiki i nā'ōnaehana 3D maikaʻi loa ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe? kahi e makemake nuiʻia ai - e like me nā lima lima a iʻole ke alo, a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma nā wahi kiko'ī o ka mīkini. ʻO keʻano,ʻo ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻolālā holoʻokoʻa o kahi hoʻolālā, eʻikeʻia ka maikaʻi ma ka hopena hope loa. Nānā nā haʻawina haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa nānā boxy (e hoʻomanaʻo iā Mario 64 ?).

• Nä 'äkau: Ma kahi' aoʻao ka palena ma ka 'aoʻao o kahi model 3D kahi e hui ai nä alopolitana .
• NĀ AMANA: ʻO ke kiko o ka mahele ma waena oʻekolu aʻoi akuʻaoʻao paha, ua kapaʻia he vertex ( pl. Vertices ). Hoʻomaopopo i nā puka ma nā axis, x, y, a me z-(kahi i kapaʻia me ke aloha "ka hukiʻana a me ka hukiʻana i nā kupu") i keʻano maʻamau no ka hoʻohuiʻana i kahi mīkini kalaka i kona hopena hope i nā hōʻailona likeʻole like Maya, 3Ds Max, a pēlā aku. (Keʻano o nāʻoihana, heʻano'ē loa i ke kālaiʻana i nā noi e like me ZBrush a iʻole Mudbox.)

Hoʻohālike like nāʻano o ka Polygonal i nāʻano hoʻohālike āu i aʻo ai ma ka kula waena. E like me kahi'ōmole kenetene maʻamau, 3D mau polygonal model he mau maka, nāʻaoʻao, a me nā poʻomanaʻo .

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻomaka nā polokalamu 3D nui loa e like me keʻano o ka hoʻohālike kiʻi, e like me ka pahu, ka'āpana, a me ka cylinder. Hoʻokomoʻia kēia mau kiʻiʻokoʻaʻekolu he mau mea nui . Hiki ke hoʻohālikelikeʻia ke kumuhana, hoʻohālike, a maʻalahiʻia i loko o kēlā me kēia mea a ka mea pena e ho'āʻo ai e hana (e like me ko mākou makemake e hele i nā mea kiko'ī, e uhi mākou i keʻano o ka hoʻohālikelike 3D ma kahiʻokoʻa).

Aia kekahi mahele nui o nā hiʻohiʻona 3D e pono e kamaʻilioʻia:

Nā Kulu a me nā Kele

Ma waho o nā leka a me nā shaders,ʻaʻole e like ka hiʻohiʻona 3D e like me ka nui. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole hiki iāʻoe keʻike. ʻOiaiʻaʻohe mea e hana ai ke kinipona a me ka shaders me keʻano o ka hoʻolālā 3D, loaʻa iā lākou nā mea a pau e hana me ka nānāʻana.

• Shaders: ʻO kahi māmā he papa kuhikuhi ia e hoʻohanaʻia ana i kahi hoʻolālā 3D e hoʻomaopopo i ka computer i ka pono e hōʻikeʻia. ʻOiai ua hiki ke hoʻololi i nāʻenehana pale i ka lima,ʻo nā'ōnaehana polokalamu 3D he mau lako hana e hiki ai i ke kiʻi kiʻi ke hoʻohālike i nā ala me ka mālie. Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia mau mea hana, hiki ke kaha kiʻiʻia e ka mea kaha kiʻi i ke ala o ka pilina o keʻano me ka mālamalama, e like me ka opacity, ka hoʻolālāʻana, ka hiʻona hiʻopiʻi (ka nani) a me nā hanana'ē aʻe.
• Nā'Ōlelo: Hoʻoikaika nui nā kiʻi i kahiʻikeʻike o ke kiʻi. ʻO nā kiʻi heʻelua kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi e hiki ke hoʻonohoʻia ma luna o ka'ōnaeho 3D o ka'ōnaehana ma o ka hana iʻikeʻia he mapi palapala . Hiki i nāʻene ke komo i ka paʻakikī mai nā leka uila liʻiliʻi a hiki i nā mea kiko'ī a pau o ka photorealistic.

Heʻano koʻikoʻi ka'ōlelo a me ka uhiʻana o ka pūnaewele hōʻailona kamepiula , aʻo ka maikaʻi ma ke kākauʻana i nā kāmepa uila a me ka hoʻolālāʻana i nā palapala 'āinaʻona he mea kūikawā ma ia pono pono'ī. ʻO nā mea kākau a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe o ka shader e like me keʻano o ka nānāʻana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a iʻole kiʻi e like me nā mea hoʻohālike a me nā mea hoʻokani.

Ua hanaʻoe!

Ma ka manaolana, i kēia manawa, uaʻikeʻoe i kahi mau mea likeʻole e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona 3D a me ko lākou mauʻano kumu. Ma keʻano o lākou,ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona 3D he mau māmā kikokikonaʻano nui wale nō me nā haneli he nui wale. ʻOiai, he mea kānalua paha ka leʻaleʻa e heluhelu e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona 3D, heʻoi aku ka hauʻoli loa no ka hanaʻana iāʻoe iho.