Hōʻike kēia kumuhana i kaʻenehana ma muli o ka pūnaewele pūnaewele (IP) . No ka poʻe i makemakeʻole i nāʻano hana loea, e lele i kēia mau mea:
- Ke hana me nā IP Addresses
IPv4 a me IPv6
Ua hoʻokumuʻia kaʻenehanaʻenehana pūnaewele (IP) i nā makahiki 1970 e kākoʻo i kekahi o nā pūnaewele lolopa mua . I kēia lā, ua liloʻo IP i hōʻailona kūwaho no ka home a me ka pūnaewele pāʻoihana. Ko mākou mau mea kelepona pūnaewele , nā polokalamu uila Pūnaewele , nā leka uila, me nā polokalamu leka uila - paulele nā mea a pau i ka IP a iʻole nā mea lawelawe pūnaewele i luna o IP .
Loaʻa iʻelua lālā o kaʻenehana IP i kēia lā. Hoʻolālā nā papahana kamepiula i ka home IP i ka IP version 4 (IPv4), akāʻo kekahi mauʻenehana'ē aʻe, i nāʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao a me nā noiʻi noiʻi, ua lawe i ka hanauna IP hou 6 (IPv6).
ʻO ka helu helu helu IPv4
ʻO kahi helu IPv4 heʻehaʻehā (32 mau pahi). ʻO kēia mau bytes ka mea i kapaʻia he mau kiʻi.
No nā papa helu heluhelu, hoʻohana pinepine nā kānaka me nā inoa IP ma kahi nota i kapaʻia he decimal helu . ʻO kēia mau leka hoʻomaopopo ma waena o nā heluʻehā (nāʻae) i loko o ka helu IP. Eia kekahi laʻana, he helu IP iʻikeʻia e nāʻike
- 00001010 00000000 00000000 00000001
Ua kākauʻia i ka helu decimal e like me
- 10.0.0.1
No ka loaʻa o kēlā me kēiaʻupena he 8 mau bits, kēlā a me kēia octet ma kahi pae helu IP i ka waiwai mai ka palena iki o ka 0 a hiki i ka maximum 255. No laila,ʻo ka nui o nā helu IP he 0.0.0.0 a hiki i 255.255.255.255 . ʻO kēia kahi he 4,294,967,296 mau helu IP hiki.
ʻO ka helu inoa helu IPv6
Ua loli ka loli o IP me ka IPv6. ʻO nā inoa IPv6 he 16 bytes (128 mau lōʻihi) lōʻihi ma mua oʻehā mau māka (32 mau pahi). ʻO kēia nui nui ka mana o ka IPv6 nui aʻe
- 300,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
nā kūlana kūpono! I ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka helu o nā kelepona a me nā mea'ēhana'ē aʻe e hoʻonui i ko lākou pūnaewele pūnaewele a makemake lākou i ko lākou mau helu pono'ī, e pau ka wahi IPv4 liʻiliʻi i ka wā e pau loa ai ka IPv6 a lilo i kānāwai.
ʻO nā inoa IPv6 ke kākauʻia nei i kēiaʻano:
- h manawa: hhu, hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh hhhh
I loko o kēia hōʻike piha , ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia nā paila o IPes e kahi kolona aʻo kēlā me kēia kāneta i loko o nā huina ua paniʻia ma keʻano he mau helu hexadecimal , e like me kēiaʻano:
- E3D7: 0000: 0000: 0000: 51F4: 9BC8: C0A8: 6420
E like me ka mea i hōʻikeʻia ma luna, aia i nā helu o ka IPv6 he mau octeta nui me ka waiwaiʻole. ʻO ka hōʻike wikiwikiʻana i ka IPv6 e wehe i kēia mau koina mai ka hōʻike kikokikona (ʻoiai e noho mau nā bytes i ka helu pūnaewele kūikawā ) e like me kēia:
- E3D7 :: 51F4: 9BC8: C0A8: 6420
Ma hope, he mau inoa IPv6 he mau hoʻopau o IPv4 mau inoa. Ma kēia mau kumu, hiki ke kākau houʻia nā diates heʻehā o kahi IPv6 (kahi lua-byte pai loa) ma ka notation IPv4. Ke hoʻololi nei i ka hiʻohiʻona i luna nei i nā hua hoʻohālikelike pili
- E3D7 :: 51F4: 9BC8: 192.168.100.32
Hiki ke kākau 'ia nā inoa o ka IPv6 ma kekahi o ka piha piha, hemahema a me ka notation kūpili i hōʻikeʻia ma luna.